Forecasting Techniques
Below are forecasting techniques often used in Operations Research.
For series without trend and seasonality.
Model:
where:
is independent and ![]()
Moving Average

Where
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= an estimate of M made at time t |
| N | = observations (given equal weight) |
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= new observation |
Single Exponential Smoothing
Include all past data and give greater weight to more recent observations.


Where St = exponentially smoothed average at time t and

And,


